11/11/2022 0 Comments Bouncing ball gravity lab![]() Velasco, “ A measurement of g listening to falling balls,” Phys. Vogt, “ Akustische Messungen an springenden Bällen” (translated as “Acoustic measurements of bouncing balls”), Praxis der Naturwissenschaften - Physik in der Schule (translated as Practice of Sciences - Physics in School), 3/53, 22– 25 (June 2004). Sprockhoff, Physikalische Schulversuche, Mechanik (translated as Physical Experiments in School, Mechanics) ( Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich/Düsseldorf, 1961). BOUNCING BALL GRAVITY LAB FREEPape, “ Fallbeschleunigung mit einem hüpfenden Ball” (translated as “Determining acceleration of free fall with Super Ball”), Praxis der Naturwissenschaften - Physik in der Schule (translated as Practice of Sciences - Physics in School), 4/49, 28– 32 (Aug. The New Horizons spacecraft used a gravity assist from Jupiter on its journey to Pluto. The Dawn spacecraft used a gravity assist from Mars on its way to Vesta and Ceres. The more recent Cassini spacecraft used two gravity assist maneuvers from Venus and one from Earth before heading out to Jupiter and Saturn. Galileo used a gravity-assist from Venus, two flybys of Earth, and close encounters with asteroids Gaspra and Ida on its circuitous path to Jupiter. The spacecraft Ulysses used a gravity-assist from Jupiter to swing it far out of the ecliptic plane for observation of the sun's polar regions. The use of a gravity-assist or "slingshot" orbit has been of great benefit in the exploration of the solar system. The Messenger spacecraft used several gravity assists using the Earth, Venus and Mercury in its approach to orbit around Mercury. The spacecraft Mariner 10 made several slingshot maneuvers in its exploration of Venus and Mercury. ![]() The Voyager missions also made several energy-boosting flybys of planets on their paths through the solar system. ![]() A famous example of the use of such maneuvers is the exploration of Comet G-Z. An extreme case of such a propulsion maneuver is like the double ball drop. Such maneuvers are really elastic collisions where the objects involved never hit each other but are affected by gravity as they approach. Planetary exploration vessels like Voyager I and Voyager II made use of propulsion maneuvers which gained energy from the planets and moons they passed. A ground observer would see the velocity of thesmall ball as 3v. That observer would see the surface receding with velocity v.Īssuming perfectly elastic collisions and that the large ball is much more massive than the small one, the observer on the large ball will see the small one bounce back with velocity 2v. An observer on the larger ball would see the smaller one approach with velocity 2v. Since the gravitational potential energy is proportional to the height and the kinetic energy is all converted to potential energy at the peak of the motion, it will rise to height 9h.Īnalysis of Double Ball Drop The two slightly separated balls dropped from the same height are seen by a ground observer to approach the surface with velocity v.Ī ground observer sees the larger ball hit and bounce up with velocity v while the smaller one still approaches. The rebound velocity of 3v for the small ball implies that its kinetic energy is nine times its incoming kinetic energy since the kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the velocity. Slingshot orbits used in space exploration have features in common with this situation even though the objects involved never touch each other. The analysis involves the nature of head-on elastic collisions and in particular the case of a light projectile hitting a heavy target. If a light ball like a ping-pong ball is dropped along with a heavy ball like a large superball, the small ball rebounds with a remarkably high velocity, theoretically approaching three times the velocity with which the balls strike the surface. ![]()
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